115 年司律一試 綜合法學(二)商法 第 59 題

You have a book store. You accidentally put NTD $50 on the price tag of a book when it should be NTD $500. A customer picked up the book believing he found a great bargain. He brought it over to your checkout to purchase. Could you decline to honor the marked price according to R.O.C. Civil Code?

• A No, as this was an offer.
• B No, as this was unequivocal acceptance.
• C Yes, as this was an invitation to treat.
• D Yes, as this was an immaterial mistake.

考選部公告標準答案:A

詳解

民法第154條第2項前段明定「貨物標定賣價陳列者，視為要約」，這正是我國法與英美法的最大差異：英美法視櫥窗標價陳列為要約之引誘，我國則直接視為要約。書店標價陳列即為要約，客人拿到櫃台結帳為承諾，契約已成立，店家不得拒賣，故答案是 No，理由在於這是 offer，選 (A)。(B) 結論雖同，但關鍵理由仍在陳列構成要約。(C) 誤用英美法的要約引誘概念。(D) 價格屬交易上重要之點，且係自己過失，依第88條亦不得撤銷。故選 A。